Civilization began with agriculture society’s connection to the land was intimate. Human communities, no matter how sophisticated, could not ignore the importance of agriculture.To be far from dependable sources of food was to risk malnutrition and starvation. In agriculture,
biotechnology and genetic engineering are expected to change production methods, the products themselves and the structure of the whole agricultural sector Biotechnologies play an important role in the development of agriculture, Biotechnology has also revolutionized research activities in the area of agriculture which includes the following: plant cell, tissue and organ Culture, genetic engineering leading to transformation followed by regeneration of plants to give transgenic plants carrying desirable, traits like disease resistance, insect resistance and herbicide resistance; eventually this may also be used for increasing photosynthetic efficiency, nitrogen fixing ability, improved storage proteins, hybrid crops, crops for food processing etc. Besides, by biotechnologies the nutritional content of fruits and vegetables can be enhanced in various ways. In addition Biotechnology in agriculture has also enabled the use of crops as bioreactors, namely factories for the production of biological products of therapeutic value. These are in the form of vaccines, interferons, antibodies, and drugs. The day of edible vaccines, where a person can get vaccinated simply by consuming a fruit is not far off. The use of genomics in strengthening the pursuit has opened new doors.
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